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What bitcoin dominance is, how it is calculated, why different sites show different numbers, and how the metric is commonly interpreted.

What a bitcoin exchange-traded fund is, how spot and futures ETFs differ, and how holding fund shares differs from holding coins yourself.

What a blockchain is, what goes into a block, how a network agrees on one shared history, and why past records are hard to change.

How crypto wallets work, the difference between hot and cold wallets, custodial versus self-custody, and basic rules for keeping funds safe.

What Ethereum is, how smart contracts run on it, what ether is used for, and the main risks of code that cannot easily be changed.

How centralized and decentralized crypto exchanges work, who holds your funds, and the main trade-offs between the two models.

How perpetual futures work, why the funding rate exists, who pays whom and what risks leveraged positions carry.

Why blockchain transactions cost a fee, how gas works on Ethereum, what gwei and the burned base fee are, and how fees work on Bitcoin.

Common warning signs of crypto fraud: guaranteed returns, fake support, phishing, giveaways, rug pulls, and what to do if you are targeted.

What layer 2 networks are, why blockchains need them, how optimistic and ZK rollups differ and what trade-offs they bring.

What a liquidation of a leveraged position is, how the liquidation price works, isolated vs cross margin and what a liquidation cascade is.

How blockchains agree on the next block: proof of work mining, proof of stake validation, and the trade-offs between the two.

What open interest means in futures and options markets, how it differs from trading volume, and what its changes can and cannot tell you.

What a 12 or 24-word seed phrase is, why it matters more than any password, how to store it, and the tricks scammers use to steal it.

What stablecoins are, how they hold a peg to the dollar or another asset, the main types, and the risks that come with them.

How the crypto fear and greed index works, which data it combines, and why it describes market mood rather than giving trading signals.

NFTs explained simply: what a non-fungible token is, what an owner actually gets, where the files live and what the main risks are.

A plain-language guide to Bitcoin: where it came from, how the network works, and what satoshis, mining and the 21 million cap mean.

Decentralized finance explained simply: how swaps, lending and liquidity pools run on smart contracts, and what risks come with them.

Why the bitcoin block reward is cut in half every 210,000 blocks, how it caps supply at 21 million BTC, and what it means for miners.